Technical guides

Specification guides for bathroom substrates and tiling

Written from site work rather than from product literature, and referenced to the British Standards and manufacturer data that decide what is acceptable. Each guide covers one layer of the build-up: what fails in it, what the standard requires of it, and what the layer above it demands.

TECEprofil pre-wall framing →

Where the system came from and what it replaced, what can be built with it beyond the standard set, how it compares to drywall stud, welded frames and blockwork, and where its published load limits end.

TECEprofil corner joint and angle bracket on a pre-wall frame

Primers, and why PVA fails →

How cement hydration and substrate suction decide whether the bond holds, why PVA closes one failure and opens another, what a primer actually does inside the pore, and what belongs on screed, anhydrite, gypsum and non-porous backgrounds.

Close-up cross-section of a primed screed: the pore walls are coated with primer, the channels stay open, and grey tile adhesive penetrates into them from the bed above.

Levelling walls before porcelain →

What turned flatness into a preparation problem rather than a finishing one, how the two families of levelling material differ, why a plane built out of tile adhesive cracks, what has to be true of the substrate before anything goes on it, and what levelling does not fix.

A line laser projected across a plastered wall, the beam showing where the surface departs from a true plane.

Tile adhesive: why it stopped forgiving mistakes →

Where the demands of a modern adhesive came from, why the requirement on the substrate never moved while the materials trusted to meet it did, what the additives in the bag actually do, and which habits carried over from the old material now bring tiling down.

Cross-section of a thin adhesive bed following a hollow in the substrate, leaving a void beneath tiles that have to sit flat.